{"id":156,"date":"2023-05-21T08:44:44","date_gmt":"2023-05-21T06:44:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nationalpark.08eins-preview.ch\/fr\/flore-et-faune\/animaux\/gypaete-barbu\/"},"modified":"2024-03-04T09:47:39","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T08:47:39","slug":"gypaete-barbu","status":"publish","type":"florafauna_cpt","link":"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/flore-et-faune\/gypaete-barbu\/","title":{"rendered":"Gypa\u00e8te barbu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Aucun autre oiseau ne suscite autant d\u2018int\u00e9r\u00eat au Parc National que le gypa\u00e8te barbu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 56.25% 0 0 0; position: relative;\"><iframe style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/894551187?h=a19c9f548d\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/api\/player.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Le gypa\u00e8te barbu a \u00e9t\u00e9 extermin\u00e9 des Alpes au cours du 19<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle. Il \u00e9tait autrefois consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un pr\u00e9dateur et un tueur d&rsquo;agneaux. En v\u00e9rit\u00e9, il ne se nourrit que de charognes et d&rsquo;os. Ses griffes ne sont pas faites pour capturer des proies.<\/p>\n<p>Des descriptions historiques pr\u00e9sentent le gypa\u00e8te barbu comme un pr\u00e9dateur mena\u00e7ant. On lui reprochait m\u00eame de s\u2019en prendre aux enfants.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2018imposante envergure de presque trois m\u00e8tres du gypa\u00e8te barbu lui a valu d&rsquo;\u00eatre per\u00e7u comme une menace et d&rsquo;avoir \u00e9t\u00e9, par cons\u00e9quent, chass\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Les gypa\u00e8tes se nourrissent principalement d&rsquo;os<\/strong>. Ceux-ci contiennent beaucoup de graisses et de prot\u00e9ines. Les os de grande taille sont l\u00e2ch\u00e9s depuis les airs pour se fracasser sur les pierres. Avec cette strat\u00e9gie, le gypa\u00e8te barbu occupe une niche \u00e9cologique qui n&rsquo;est contest\u00e9e par personne.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19579\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_2007_06_09_062-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dans le cadre d&rsquo;un projet lanc\u00e9 en 1986 couvrant tout l&rsquo;arc alpin, les premiers gypa\u00e8tes barbus \u00e9lev\u00e9s en captivit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u00e2ch\u00e9s &#8211; au Parc National pour la premi\u00e8re fois en 1991.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cette r\u00e9introduction doit permettre de relier entre elles les populations des Pyr\u00e9n\u00e9es et des Balkans. D&rsquo;autres l\u00e2chers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9s au Rauristal en Autriche, en Haute-Savoie, dans le Parc National du Mercantour en France, et depuis 2000, \u00e9galement au Parc National du Stelvio dans le Tyrol du Sud.<\/p>\n<p>26 jeunes gypa\u00e8tes barbus, issus de centres d\u2019\u00e9levage, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9introduits entre 1991 et 2007 dans le Val da Stabelchod au Parc National Suisse. Parmi ceux-ci, onze se sont accoupl\u00e9s et reproduits. Moische et Cic (rel\u00e2ch\u00e9s en 1991 et 1993 au Parc National Suisse), vivent toujours en couple pr\u00e8s de Livigno et ont \u00e9lev\u00e9 pas moins de 21 jeunes au fil des ans.<\/p>\n<p>Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, plusieurs couv\u00e9es naturelles ont vu le jour dans l\u2019Engadine et les r\u00e9gions frontali\u00e8res de l\u2019Italie, rendant le l\u00e2cher de gypa\u00e8tes caduc. Vous trouverez plus d\u2019informations sur le gypa\u00e8te barbu au Centre du Parc National \u00e0 Zernez ou sur<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gypaetebarbu.ch\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> www.bartgeier.ch<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19581\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-300x114.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-1024x390.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-600x229.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-768x293.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-150x57.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-992x378.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20121121_16135-460x175.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19580\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20120909_14202-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>On reconnait clairement les jeunes gypa\u00e8tes barbus\u00a0 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leur coloration.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les jeunes gypa\u00e8tes barbus pr\u00e9sentent une coloration brun-gris uniforme et sombre. C&rsquo;est seulement \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge de 3 \u00e0 4 ans que la t\u00eate et la poitrine deviennent claires. Il n&rsquo;y a par contre pas de dimorphisme sexuel.<\/p>\n<p>La coloration rouge\u00e2tre des gypa\u00e8tes barbus adultes est une particularit\u00e9. Ils se colorent dans les mares riches en oxyde de fer lors d\u2019un rituel.<\/p>\n<p>Les \u0153ufs des gypa\u00e8tes barbus sont de belle taille et p\u00e8sent entre 200 et 250 g. La femelle pond habituellement deux \u0153ufs. Le premier jeune, \u00e9clos plusieurs jours avant le deuxi\u00e8me, tue le second apr\u00e8s quelques semaines. Ce comportement est d\u00e9sign\u00e9 sous le terme de \u00abca\u00efnisme\u00bb. Le deuxi\u00e8me \u0153uf constitue en fait une r\u00e9serve, cr\u00e9\u00e9e par la nature, au cas o\u00f9 il y aurait un probl\u00e8me avec le premier. L&rsquo;\u00e9levage de deux jeunes d\u00e9passerait les capacit\u00e9s des parents.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-156","florafauna_cpt","type-florafauna_cpt","status-publish","hentry","florafauna_category-faune","florafauna_category-oiseaux"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gypa\u00e8te barbu - Parc National Suisse<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/flore-et-faune\/gypaete-barbu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gypa\u00e8te barbu - Parc National Suisse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Aucun autre oiseau ne suscite autant d\u2018int\u00e9r\u00eat au Parc National que le gypa\u00e8te barbu.  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Le gypa\u00e8te barbu a \u00e9t\u00e9 extermin\u00e9 des Alpes au cours du 19e si\u00e8cle. 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