{"id":131,"date":"2023-05-21T08:44:30","date_gmt":"2023-05-21T06:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nationalpark.08eins-preview.ch\/fr\/flore-et-faune\/animaux\/cerf-elaphe\/"},"modified":"2024-02-16T20:16:56","modified_gmt":"2024-02-16T19:16:56","slug":"cerf-elaphe","status":"publish","type":"florafauna_cpt","link":"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/flore-et-faune\/cerf-elaphe\/","title":{"rendered":"Cerf \u00e9laphe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Le cerf \u00e9laphe (cerf rouge) est le plus grand ongul\u00e9 du Parc National. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Au milieu du 19<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, ce fier porteur de bois a \u00e9t\u00e9 extermin\u00e9 de la r\u00e9gion. 50 ans plus tard, il recolonisait l&rsquo;Engadine \u00e0 partir des zones septentrionale et centrale des Grisons.<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 56.25% 0 0 0; position: relative;\"><iframe style=\"position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%;\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/891850392?h=7831677426\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p><script src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/api\/player.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Le Parc National offre deux avantages au cerf: la nourriture et la tranquillit\u00e9. Il y subit peu de d\u00e9rangements, car nos h\u00f4tes n&rsquo;ont pas le droit de quitter les sentiers. Les quelque 2000 cerfs ne vivent que cinq mois par ann\u00e9e dans le Parc National. Apr\u00e8s le rut, fin octobre, la plupart d\u2019entre eux le quittent pour passer l&rsquo;hiver sur les flancs plus ensoleill\u00e9s des vall\u00e9es de l&rsquo;Engadine, du Val M\u00fcnster et du Val Venosta.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19564\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210725_116146-1-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Les biches vivent en hardes avec leurs faons et leurs jeunes de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La plus grande partie de ces animaux n\u2019est pas porteuse de bois. Le lien entre les biches et leur prog\u00e9niture femelle est plus fort qu&rsquo;avec leur prog\u00e9niture m\u00e2le. Les jeunes m\u00e2les quittent le troupeau au plus tard apr\u00e8s deux ans.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19566\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20160722_51943-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Les m\u00e2les vivent, \u00e0 l&rsquo;exception de la p\u00e9riode du rut, en hardes constitu\u00e9es de m\u00e2les.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les bois du cerf servent \u00e0 impressionner d&rsquo;autres m\u00e2les et \u00e0 se battre avec eux. Ces bois, constitu\u00e9s d&rsquo;os, poussent entre mars et juillet et tombent chaque ann\u00e9e \u00e0 la fin de l&rsquo;hiver. Le cerf porte des bois d\u00e8s sa deuxi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e et ceci jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin de sa vie.<\/p>\n<p>Durant le temps de croissance, les bois sont couverts d&rsquo;une peau duveteuse et fortement irrigu\u00e9e. Plus tard, les cerfs se d\u00e9barrassent du velours en frottant leurs bois contre les buissons et les arbres. Ce sont les r\u00e9sidus de terre et de sang qui donnent aux bois leur couleur brune.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19612\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20210929_120399-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19750\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/\u00a9SNP_118_20200924_062124_B2186-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>De septembre \u00e0 octobre, le brame des cerfs constitue l\u2018une des principales attractions du Parc National.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Durant la p\u00e9riode du rut, les m\u00e2les se livrent \u00e0 de violents combats pour obtenir la faveur des biches. Les m\u00e2les les plus puissants d\u00e9fendent \u201eleurs biches\u201c contre les assauts de leurs rivaux.<\/p>\n<p>Il arrive qu&rsquo;\u00e0 l&rsquo;issue de ces combats, il y ait des bless\u00e9s et m\u00eame des morts parmi les m\u00e2les. Les vainqueurs sont souvent les animaux qui jouissent de la meilleure condition physique, mais pas forc\u00e9ment les m\u00e2les avec les plus grands bois.<\/p>\n<p>Il arrive qu&rsquo;un m\u00e2le perde une partie de ses bois en combattant, ce qui le place en position d\u2019inf\u00e9riorit\u00e9 face \u00e0 ses rivaux.<\/p>\n<p>Les m\u00e2les suivent les biches en chaleur jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que celles-ci soient pr\u00eates pour l&rsquo;accouplement. Les biches n&rsquo;acceptent pas de s&rsquo;accoupler avec n&rsquo;importe quel m\u00e2le. Elles choisissent activement \u00ableur\u00bb cerf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343.jpg.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-19567\" src=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343.jpg.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343.jpg.webp 1280w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-300x90.jpg.webp 300w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-1024x307.jpg.webp 1024w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-600x180.jpg.webp 600w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-768x230.jpg.webp 768w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-150x45.jpg.webp 150w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-992x298.jpg.webp 992w, https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/sites\/6\/2023\/05\/LO_20150624_38343-460x138.jpg.webp 460w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Les faons naissent dans la premi\u00e8re moiti\u00e9 du mois de juin. \u00c0 <\/strong><strong>peine n\u00e9s, ils cherchent \u00e0 se lever pour se mettre en qu\u00eate des mamelles de leur m\u00e8re.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Au moment de la naissance, la biche quitte la harde. Les d\u00e9rangements peuvent s&rsquo;av\u00e9rer tr\u00e8s n\u00e9gatifs pour la naissance des petits. Les faons p\u00e8sent 5 \u00e0 10 kilos et sont enti\u00e8rement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s. La biche l\u00e8che son petit, \u00e9tablissant ainsi le premier contact entre elle et lui.<\/p>\n<p>Le pelage des faons est tachet\u00e9 de blanc et assure un excellent camouflage durant les premiers mois de leur vie. Les taches disparaissent progressivement au courant de l&rsquo;\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Un faon bien camoufl\u00e9 est difficilement rep\u00e9rable. Si la femelle s&rsquo;\u00e9loigne, le faon l\u2018avertit par de forts cris. La biche reconna\u00eet parfaitement le r\u00e2le de son faon. L&rsquo;odeur d\u00e9gag\u00e9e par les glandes jugales sert \u00e9galement \u00e0 la reconnaissance du petit par sa m\u00e8re. En cas de stress, ces glandes produisent une s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion \u00e0 l&rsquo;odeur caract\u00e9ristique que la m\u00e8re reconna\u00eet.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Si vous d\u00e9sirez plus d\u2019informations sur le cerf \u00e9laphe au Parc National Suisse, nous vous recommandons l\u2019ouvrage \u00abDer Rothirsch im Schweizerischen Nationalpark und dessen Umgebung\u00bb, r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par l&rsquo;ancien directeur du Parc Heinrich Haller. Cet ouvrage est disponible \u00e0 la boutique du Centre du Parc National \u00e0 Zernez.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-131","florafauna_cpt","type-florafauna_cpt","status-publish","hentry","florafauna_category-faune","florafauna_category-ongules"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cerf \u00e9laphe - Parc National Suisse<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nationalpark.ch\/fr\/flore-et-faune\/cerf-elaphe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cerf \u00e9laphe - Parc National Suisse\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le cerf \u00e9laphe (cerf rouge) est le plus grand ongul\u00e9 du Parc National. 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